GWAS

---

1 GWAS Strategy

GWAS was run using MLM model in GCTA1.93.2. The phenotypes were pre-adjusted by age, sex, and 20 PCs

---

2 Probands

2.1 All Individuals

• 6,558,644 QCd SNPs with MAF > 0.01 included
• GWAS was run on all individuals (ranging from 5628 to 6595) including diverse ancestry backgrounds.
• Signals with association p-value < 1e-5 will be shown for Manhattan Plots.

2.1.1 QQ Plot

---

2.1.2 Manhattan Plot

---

2.2 Europeans Only

• ~5K European individuals are included
• Signals with association p-value < 1e-5 will be shown for Manhattan Plots.

2.2.1 QQ Plot

---

2.2.2 Manhattan Plot

---